Neurotransmitters are chemical substances that enable nerve transmission between nerve cells. They are secreted from vesicles at the ends of nerve cells and transmitted to other nerve cells, muscle cells or organs through gaps called synapses. This conduction process plays a critical role in communication and regulation of the nervous system. It is important for neurotransmitters to be balanced and at appropriate levels to protect mental health and ensure emotional well-being. Therefore, imbalances in neurotransmitter levels may play a role in the development of mental health disorders and is a factor that should also be considered in treatment strategies. An imbalance of neurotransmitters such as serotonin, noradrenaline, and dopamine has been linked to mental health disorders such as depression and anxiety. For example, low serotonin levels can be a symptom of depression. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) has been associated with imbalances in dopamine and noradrenaline levels. In cases of ADHD treated with medication, medications that work by increasing dopamine and noradrenaline levels are used.

The status of genes encoding neurotransmitters determines the concentration and activity of neurotransmitters that are important for our mental health. Epigenetic/nutrigenetic approaches developed according to our genetic predispositions will play an important role in protecting our mental health.